With the scarce availability of current information on European Pharmacopoeia testing methods, this text explains the purpose, chemistry involved, and of analytical tests behind these older, yet standard tests. Often cheaper, simpler, and as reliable as newer tests, this book covers the identification of ions, functional groups tests, and limit tests. It explains the logic of the individual procedural steps of the test with formulas,reaction, and tips on the strengths and weaknesses of these techniques in terms of specificity, ruggedness, and potential procedural pitfalls. The book contains approximately 200 illustrations, 146 equations, and 6 tables that shed light on the concepts in the text.