CHAP. I.

THE CONQUESTS OF THE ROMANS.

Early History of Rome - Wars under the Kings - Their Results - Gradual Subjection of Italy - Great Heroes of the Republic - Their Virtues and Victories - Military Aggrandizement - The Carthaginian, Macedonian, and Asiatic Wars - Their Consequences - Civil Wars of Marius and Sulla, of Pompey and Caesar - The Conquests of the Barbarians - Extension of Roman Dominion in the East - Conquests of the Emperors - The Military Forces of the Empire - Military Science - The Roman Legion - The Military Genius of the Romans

CHAP. II.

THE MATERIAL GRANDEUR AND GLORY OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE.

The vast Extent of the Empire - Boundaries - Rivers and Mountains - The Mediterranean and its Islands - The Provinces - Principal Cities - Great Architectural Monuments - Roads - Commerce - Agriculture - Manufactures - Wealth - Population - Unity of the Empire

CHAP. III.

THE WONDERS OF ANCIENT ROME.

Original Settlement - The Seven Hills - Progress of the City - Principal Architectural Monuments - A Description of the Temples, Bridges, Aqueducts, Forums, Basilicas, Palaces, Amphitheatres, Theatres, Circuses, Columns, Arches, Baths, Obelisks, Tombs - Miscellaneous Antiquities - Streets - Gardens - Private Houses - Populous Quarters - Famous Statues and Pictures - General Magnificence - Population

CHAP. IV.

ART IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE.

The great Wonders of Ancient Architecture, Sculpture, and Painting - Famous Artists of Antiquity - How far the Romans copied the Greeks - How far they extended Art - Its Principles - Its Perfection - Causes of its Decline - Permanence of its grand Creations

CHAP. V.

THE ROMAN CONSTITUTION.

The Original Citizens - Comitia Calata - Comitia Curiata - Comitia Centuriata - Comitia Tributa - The Plebs - Great Patrician Families - The Aristocratic Structure of ancient Roman Society - The Dignity and Power of the Senate - The Knights - The Growth of the Democracy - Contests between Patricians and Plebeians - Rise of Tribunes - Popular Leaders - Their Laws - The Great Officers of State - Provincial Governors - Usurpations of fortunate Generals - The Revolution under Julius Caesar and Augustus - Imperial Despotism - Preservation of the Forms of the Republic, and utter Prostration of its Spirit

CHAP. VI.

ROMAN JURISPRUDENCE.

Genius of the Romans for Government and Laws - Development of Jurisprudence - Legislative Sources - Judicial Power - Courts of Law - The Profession of Law - Great Lawyers and Jurists - Ancient Codes - Imperial Codes - The Law of Persons - Rights of Citizens, of Foreigners, of Slaves - Laws of Marriage, of Divorce, of Adoption - Paternal Power - Guardianship - Laws relating to Real Rights - Law of Obligations - Laws of Succession - Testaments and Legacies - Actions and Procedure in Civil Suits - Criminal Law

CHAP. VII.

ROMAN LITERATURE.

The Grecian Models - How far they contributed to Roman Creations - The Development of the Latin Language - The Orators, Poets, Dramatists, Satirists, Historians, and their chief Works - How far Literature was cultivated - Schools - Libraries - Literary Legacies of the Romans

CHAP. VIII.

GRECIAN PHILOSOPHY.

Its gradual Development from Thales to Aristotle - How far the Romans adopted the Greek Philosophy - What Additions they made to it - How far it modified Roman Thought and Life - Influence of Philosophy on Christianity - Influence on modern Civilization